Film Making Technique

Film Making Technique - Shots

Shot variations-
The following shots show different camera angles and have different uses for each angle within this one film.

180 degree rule
This shows the characters on both sides of the room and then the next shot shows us the view from behind the character (this doesn't break the rule howwever any more and it will). This shot is used to establish where the characters are sitting/standing.






This shot continues from the previous shot to show the movement.

This shot shows the 180 degree rule.











EW-Establishing shot/Extreme wide shot This shot shows the location as to where the characters in the plot is going to be and usually nobody is in the shot, well at least nobody can be seen very clearly in the shot as this shot is used to establish location.

Canted angle shot
This shot show the character walking into the builing however they have titlted the camera and they use this shot to suggest imbalanced, transition and instability.

 MD - Medium shot

This shows the person from around waist up and this shot is used to show expression and in this case power, authority and frustration as you can see the character standing in one place flicking through the clothes with her hand on her hips.I would use this as this shot is really effective for most of my product and I am actually using this shot on my double page spread as I have my model sitting on a chair and I have her head to her waist in the shot and the reason for choosing this shot as I feel that long shots are too far away to see enough detail for a personal article to go along side similarly a close up is too close as you want to see the rest of the person because together with the information from the article and the image it helps you to build up an idea of what this person looks like and their personality.

MCU - Medium close-up

This shows the person at shoulder height and this shot is used to give an idea of their body language, expression on face and show location.

I am using a medium close up on the contents page as the image I feel needs to be quite bold for the contents as there is a variety of information on there and people need to be drawn into the contents page for you then to read the extra information



Wide shot

This shows the whole of the person from head to toe. This is used to establish the character, it will also show a little bit of the location around, it will show their costume and movement. 

Low Angle

This low angle shot shows the camera looking up at the character and this is used to show importance and strength of a character.

Two shot

This shot has two people in the shot and depending on the distance of the two people shows the relationship between them. This shot is used to establish characters in the same location, see emotion between them.

 Over the shoulder shot
This shows two characters having a conversation, you will get to see one of the backs of the character and this will make it look like you are watching the conversation. The foreground is usually blurred and this shot is usually used to show expression on the person opposite.

 

CU - Close-up

This shot shows the persons face and it is used to focus more on the character individually, possibly to show expression, what dialogue they are saying and a close up makes the scene seem more intense.

ECU - Extreme Close-up

This is a shot of the person's eyes and this type of shot is used to emphazise on certain parts of the body or an object to show emotion, scars and generally a detailed look at the person/object.

  

High angle

This is a high angle shot which has the angle pointing looking down onto the character. this type of shot is used to show insigificance, lack of status and how the other character who is not in the shot dominates over the character in the shot because the camera is looking down onto the character.

 Point of view

This shot shows a character sitting down a desk which shows who the character out of shot is looking at. This shot is used to get his or her perspective take on what the other character is seeing.

Pan -This shot connects with the shot below. This shows the character walking in from one side of the room to the other ther in one continuous movement. The shot is used to show 360 degrees of a room. The next image shows the movement of this shot. A pan moves from side to side.

Tilt This shot shows a character at her desk, a coat is then placed on the table and so the camera tilts down to look at the coat (object) on the table. This shot can be used to show full length costumes or even the full length of an object. A tilt moves up and down.

This image follows on to show the movement of the camera tilt.

Eye Level

This shot shows characters hvaing a conversation and the camera is flicking between the two charcters meanwhile keeping the same level at which their eyes are. This is used to show conversation and can be used to show that the two charcters are equal in authority.

This shot is a continuation of the previous shot as it shows the two characters and how their eyes meet between the shots.









Handheld
A handheld shot is a where the camera operator would hold the camera in the hand and you would see the camera jerking not as professional looking as opposed to a camera shot using a tripod like a tracking shot.
Tracking shot
A tracking shot is similar to a pan or tilt shot as it follows the movement of a shot and in this shot it would be very steady as it would be using a track or a rial to hold the camera.

Foreground 
Foreground of a video/image is the front of an image this is usually showing a person and most of the time people take more care of this aspect of the video than the rest of the video - background.
Background
Background of a video/image is the back of the image this usually shows the setting/location of where the video is being filmed and unfortunately people worry so much on focusing on the actors/actresses and props/costume in the video they forget that people also see the background.
Framing
Rule of thirds is a 3x3 section put over the whole of the image and when somebody looks at the image/video they will see the cross sections of an image and this is why when com-positioning a video or image you need to make sure that the model or object you are focusing on is in at least one section of the grid in the example below it gives you an example of the rule of thirds in action in the Movie Devil Wears Prada.

I am not planning on using any other shots listed as they are not conventional for the style of media I am doing for example a canted angle is best used for a film rather than a magazine.

Uses and Gratification Target Audience

General

Age - 17 – 30 year olds

Gender - Female

Occupation - Cleaner, receptionist and house wife

Class - Working class

Storyline/theme - Happiness

Price

Layout

Colour - Yellow to symbolise happiness although not the convention it suits the style I wish to use.

Genre

Publisher

Advertisement

Specifics

Diversion - My product will allow people to escape from bad news that are usually in newspapers.

Personal Identity - My product is going to appeal to local people as it is about their local community.

Personal Relationships - My audience might build a bond with writer and a bond with local people in the story.

Surveillance - Inform people of local good news stories

Watch - Soaps, ITV News and Piers Morgan Life Stories

Read - True Stories, Factual and Take-A-Break

Bulmer and Katz

Diversion – escape (from reality)

Personal Identity - Target audience (focused audience), reassure and construct lifestyle and influence

Personal Relationship – Relationship/bond with character/person/story and reassurance/advice we look for

Surveillance – Inform and keep up to date with news and gossip

Newspaper Pitch Feedback

When I was doing my pitch, the class was writing down little comments on how I could improve on, need to think about and could in theory use when creating my work.

From the feedback there have been a several comments to improve my work:
- Russel howards Good News  Television show
- More specific Audience
- Include Social Networks
From this feedback I would like to use elements of laughter/comedy in my products similar to Russel Howard however I don't want to look at everything as if it were a joke as some time things needs to have a serious tone through out and so should consider my stroies carefully so that I am able to add a few stories that include humour.
I agree that my audience needs to be narrowed as even though the content is targeted on my target audience it doesn't mean to say that somebody older/younger could not read it and so I have decided to change my target audience to 17-30 as this will give a wide range of content in my magazine however the ages are still at a distance where I still have to appeal to old and young.
I would also like to include social networking sites to my products as this will appeal to most of target audience as 30 year olds are still interested in social networking sites.

-Specific audience
- Good, lots of thought and detail
I have already agreed with the commment for the target audience of my products.


-Good analysis
-Nice twist (good news)
-Colour yellow - happy
-Liked my examples
- Liked that I looked at what I want and don't want
When looking over these comments they have advised me to chnage the colour of my products so that the colours symbolise the style that I will be writing,advertising and talking about and that colour being yellow as yellow symbolises happieness and I would have to agree with this comment of change for my product.


- Too similar to the Sunderland Echo
- Think about how the newspaper is going to stand out - positivity?
- Good comparison of the same story on different newspapers
-Front page of newspaper needs different typres of storylines - local headlines, celebrity headlines, political headlines - appealing to more people
-Bar codes need to be used
-Like that I have recognised that different target audiences would differ from a magazine and newspaper
-Like that I have recognised the technique needed to use for advertisement, headlines and layout
- Like that I have recognised that newspapers and their websites need to appeal to woman and men without patronising or leaving out either
I agree that my product is too similar to the Sunderland Echo howver after having the changes of colour I have recognised needs changing, I feel that this will help me distance the similarities.
I have describes that I would like the good parts of the news help me to sell my product but agree that how that comes across (story+adverts) I will have to think about.
I agree that my newspaper can have a variety of 'good news' from local, celebrities and political to appeal to a broader audience.
I also argee that bar codes need to be used as all products in 'real life' use them and so why not stick to the conventions and also if i don't use this convewntion how are they going to be sold.
-Extra content in website is good
- Sunderland Echo, inspirational, local interest, positive angle, more so than national papers?
-Red colour in newspaper needs to be changed as sybolism for your newspaper is happieness
- Keep in mind the titles of my front pages as the tone of writing I will be using will be happy and so using a tabloid title may clash too much
-Celebrity focus? - Gain younger audiences
-Use of images - not connected to main story like examples shown?
Adverts - who's audience and why?
What would I advertise and how?
What stories would be most appealing to the target audience?
- How different do you need to make your product from what the publshers already does or do you compete with them (similar)?
-More features on inside page needed
-Websites can have more variety - for a different element of audience - younger wanted
- Your brand is important throughout products - needs to be clear in your advertising
-How subtle is advertising in local press?
-Local site dominated by other elements
-Local content/national news?`
When looking through some of both national and local news I felt that there was still a similar amount of positive and negative storylines in the news however I feel that in local newspapers they need you to draw you into local news with shocking statement which may seem more dramatic than a national newspaper printing the same story as they have other news that can be even more negative.
I have already agreed with the changing of the colour of my magazine to a yellow as this will help the audience to recognise that it is a happier newspaper with the symbolism.
As it is a happy product there is no reason why celebrities could not be involved as they as a whole do a lot for charities and do a lot of good work themselves and also using clelebrities in my products will again widen my audience especially appealing to the younger audience.
When using images in my product i would like to use a variety of images that connect with the main story and others that connect with the smaller stories as just using photographs with smaller articles help give imagery to the people looking at the product and this would also work really well when the articles are about celebrities.
I agree that adverts can play a big roll in my product as the layout and what I will be advertising is a big thing and so when looking at my target audience I think that the plan would be to keep the adverts geared to the more fashion and music as my target audience are quite young and care about their appearance and every body likes some kind of music (this could be linked to an advert for a radio station that would like my new product such as Metro Radio/Sun-FM)
For the target audience that I am trying to appeal to I think that although the main them of the product is happieness I think that to entice people in they would have to be quite dramatic as it could be make you want to cry.
I feel that my product is going to be a stand alone thing as I can't think of one single newspaper that just talks about good things happen as there are always a handfull of storylines in there which bad things have happened. I think that being a stand alone will help to appeal to my audience as that age range are still searching for the 'new thing'.
I also agree that more features are needed on the inside page as more storylines need to be known to people because if that one storyline doesn't appeal to them they are not going to read it again and as this is my first edition I need word of mouth in my favour and they are not going  to tell their friends to read my product if they don't enjoy reading it.
I agree that the website will help generate a bigger audience especially younger audience as it will include storylines that will appeal more to their age range as younger people are more stereotypically going to go on the website rather than the newspaper.
In my opinion i feel that advertising in both national and local news could have been thought of as the layout of the advertisement could in fact put people off rather than make them want to go and play bingo which I have seen local newspapers have advertised and so i will try to minimize the the viewing of advertisement on all my products.
As this is a local newspaper I will be mainly focusing on local news however I do feel that to gain a bigger audience I could have national news a small part in the newspaper just like other local newspapers.

Newspaper Pitch

This is a presentation that I created so that I could show in front of the class for them to give me feedback on my designs and ideas.